{"id":639,"date":"2017-04-24T09:47:34","date_gmt":"2017-04-24T09:47:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ghizimontani.org\/?p=639"},"modified":"2017-04-24T09:47:34","modified_gmt":"2017-04-24T09:47:34","slug":"accident-mortal-in-muntii-retezat-comunicat-de-presa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ghizimontani.org\/en\/accident-mortal-in-muntii-retezat-comunicat-de-presa\/","title":{"rendered":"Accident mortal \u00een Retezat"},"content":{"rendered":"

S\u00e2mb\u0103t\u0103 22 aprilie 2017, \u00een zona alpin\u0103 a mun\u021bilor Retezat (> 2.000m altitudine) un grup de \u0219apte persoane (patru adul\u021bi \u0219i trei minori) a fost prins de o avalan\u0219\u0103 de z\u0103pad\u0103<\/a>. \u00cen urma ei, doi minori de 12 \u0219i 13 ani au decedat, o tragedie cumplit\u0103 pentru p\u0103rin\u021bii lor.<\/p>\n

Copiii erau \u00eenso\u021bi\u021bi de c\u0103tre p\u0103rin\u021bi, unul din ei fiind chiar organizatorul \u0219i liderul grupului. Nu putem dec\u00e2t s\u0103 ne exprim\u0103m \u0219i noi regretul fa\u021b\u0103 de cele \u00eent\u00e2mplate \u0219i s\u0103 transmitem un mesaj de sus\u021binere p\u0103rin\u021bilor pasiona\u021bi de munte \u0219i celor dou\u0103 familii \u00eendoliate.<\/p>\n

\u00cen prezent evenimentele sunt anchetate de c\u0103tre autorit\u0103\u021bile competente.<\/p>\n

\u00cen aceste zile se discut\u0103 foarte mult despre munte \u00een societatea rom\u00e2neasc\u0103, ceea ce este bine, dar tema de discu\u021bie este una trist\u0103 \u0219i foarte grav\u0103: accidentarea mortal\u0103 pe munte a doi minori.<\/p>\n

Totodat\u0103, constat\u0103m c\u0103 o mare parte din publicul rom\u00e2n a devenit brusc cunosc\u0103toare a muntelui \u0219i \u00ee\u0219i permite s\u0103 emit\u0103 tot felul de judec\u0103\u021bi.<\/p>\n

\n

\u201d …membrii societ\u0103\u021bii nu au o percep\u021bie asupra alpinismului format\u0103 prin observa\u021bii directe, ci exclusiv prin filtrul deformant al mass mediei \u00een goan\u0103 dup\u0103 senza\u021bional \u0219i al filmelor v\u0103zute la TV.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

(Teoria riscului \u00een alpinism<\/a>, Marian Anghel, 2011)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Dup\u0103 un astfel de accident, din punctul nostru de vedere acuza\u021biile, g\u0103sirea \u0219i pedepsirea public\u0103 a vinova\u021bilor nu este cel mai important lucru (exist\u0103 organe ale statului care fac acest lucru), ci analizarea obiectiv\u0103 \u0219i prezentarea public\u0103 a cauzelor accidentului, pentru a se \u00eenv\u0103\u021ba ceva \u0219i ca astfel de tragedii montane s\u0103 nu se mai repete.<\/p>\n

Comunitatea montan\u0103 din Rom\u00e2nia a \u00eencercat de nenum\u0103rate ori, de-a lungul anilor, s\u0103 atrag\u0103 aten\u021bia asupra problemelor din turismul montan. Din p\u0103cate, nimeni nu a dorit s\u0103 asculte \u0219i chiar \u0219i acum, senza\u021bionalul este mai important dec\u00e2t educa\u021bia.<\/p>\n

Opinia noastr\u0103 exprimat\u0103 mai jos, ca asocia\u021bie profesional\u0103, este format\u0103 \u00een urma informa\u021biilor vehiculate \u00een mass media dar nu numai.<\/p>\n

Accidentul mortal putea fi evitat?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Da, accidentul putea fi evitat dac\u0103 grupul celor \u0219apte persoane respecta c\u00e2teva principii de baz\u0103 ale mersului pe munte iarna. Printre acestea:<\/p>\n

– informarea \u00een prealabil cu privire la condi\u021biile meteo din masiv.<\/p>\n

Dup\u0103 cum a precizat, serviciul local Salvamont a transmis public un avertisment cu privire la cre\u0219terea riscului de avalan\u0219e \u00een masivul Retezat, ca urmare a ninsorilor din ultima perioad\u0103 din toat\u0103 Rom\u00e2nia.<\/p>\n

De men\u021bionat c\u0103 \u00een Retezat nu exist\u0103 un buletin nivologic<\/a> oficial (ca \u00een masivele F\u0103g\u0103ra\u0219 \u0219i Bucegi, ast\u0103zi), practican\u021bii alpinismului fiind nevoi\u021bi s\u0103 interpreteze riscul de avalan\u0219\u0103 \u00een mod individual, \u00een func\u021bie de experien\u021b\u0103 personal\u0103, cuno\u0219tin\u021bele din domeniu \u0219i alte informa\u021biile colaterale.<\/p>\n

Sunt numeroase situa\u021bii \u00een care alpini\u0219tii cu experien\u021b\u0103 consistent\u0103 aleg s\u0103 mearg\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la limita zonei de siguran\u021b\u0103, pentru a analiza cu proprii ochi situa\u021bia din teren \u0219i de a decide dac\u0103 merg mai departe sau se \u00eentorc din drum.<\/p>\n

– alegerea corect\u0103 a variantei de deplasare spre creast\u0103 \u0219i adaptarea comportamentului la situa\u021bia din teren<\/p>\n

Dinspre cabana Gen\u021biana spre v\u00e2rful Peleaga exist\u0103 o variant\u0103 specific\u0103 de iarn\u0103, care este relativ mai sigur\u0103 la avalan\u0219ele de z\u0103pad\u0103.<\/p>\n

Un grup mixt de adul\u021bi \u0219i minori este departe de a fi ideal pentru o tur\u0103 de alpinism, deoarece difer\u0103 foarte mult modul individual de evaluare a riscurile \u00eent\u00e2lnite, ritmul de mers, viteza, anduran\u021ba, etc. \u00een condi\u021biile unei ture de iarn\u0103, la mare altitudine (> 2.000m alt.), cu z\u0103pad\u0103 mare \u0219i vizibilitate sc\u0103zut\u0103.<\/p>\n

Acest lucru este valabil chiar dac\u0103 doi din cei trei minori din grup aveau deja o oarecare experien\u021b\u0103 de alpinism acumulat\u0103 ca minori \u00eens\u0103 (!), adic\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 a fi fost implica\u021bi vreun moment \u00een evaluarea riscurilor.<\/p>\n

Iarna, folosirea unei scurt\u0103turi de var\u0103 \u2013 decizie a liderului de grup, cel mai probabil – este total nerecomandat\u0103, fiind mult mai expus\u0103 la avalan\u0219\u0103. Se pare c\u0103 exact pe aceast\u0103 scurt\u0103tur\u0103 a mers grupul celor \u0219apte, \u00een momentul \u00een care s-a declan\u0219at avalan\u0219a de z\u0103pad\u0103.<\/p>\n

Despre ce fel de tur\u0103 este vorba?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Grupul celor \u0219apte persoane se aflau pe munte \u00eentr-o tur\u0103 turistic\u0103, comercial\u0103, organizat\u0103 \u00een numele unui club sportiv afiliat federa\u021biei sportive de profil.<\/p>\n

Acest lucru reiese destul de clar din anun\u021bul comercial postat online<\/a> pe site-ul Clubului Montan \u201dAltitudine\u201d. De altfel, pe site-ul clubului se \u00eent\u00e2lnesc numeroase alte anun\u021buri comerciale, cu privire la activit\u0103\u021bi turistice montane \u00een Rom\u00e2nia \u0219i \u00een afara ei.<\/p>\n

Acest club nu este nici primul ong \u0219i nici singurul care desf\u0103\u0219oar\u0103 activit\u0103\u021bi de turism \u00een Rom\u00e2nia.<\/p>\n

Poate un club sportiv sau un ong s\u0103 organizeze activit\u0103\u021bi comerciale turistice? Nu, dac\u0103 nu are licen\u021b\u0103 de turism conform OG 58\/1998, art.28.<\/p>\n

Cine poate conduce grupul pe munte?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Conduc\u0103torul unui grup organizat pe munte are un rol esen\u021bial, deciziile luate de el put\u00e2ndu-se dovedi salvatoare sau… fatale.<\/p>\n

\u00cen Rom\u00e2nia, ca \u00een majoritatea \u021b\u0103rilor din Europa \u0219i nu numai, conducerea grupurilor de turi\u0219ti pe munte este reglementat\u0103, lucru important pentru siguran\u021ba turi\u0219tilor.<\/p>\n

Conform legisla\u021biei rom\u00e2ne\u0219ti \u00een vigoare (HG 77\/2003, art. 40 lit. a), doar persoanele calificate \u0219i recunoscute de c\u0103tre stat ca ghizi montani (prin intermediul Ministerului Turismului), au voie s\u0103 conduc\u0103 grupuri pe munte.<\/p>\n

Este liderul grupului prins \u00een avalan\u0219\u0103 calificat ca ghid montan, cu competen\u021be legale pentru a conduce grupuri pe munte? El nu apare \u00een baza public\u0103 de date<\/a> cu ghizii montani califica\u021bi, realizat\u0103 \u0219i administrat\u0103 de c\u0103tre Ministerul Turismului.<\/p>\n

Exist\u0103 vreun clasament oficial cu recorduri \u00een alpinism?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nu. Toate a\u0219a numitele \u201drecorduri\u201d \u0219i \u201dclasamente\u201d \u00een alpinism, \u00een cazul adul\u021bilor ca \u0219i \u00een cazul minorilor, sunt create artificial de c\u0103tre mass media \u0219i de practican\u021bii \u00een\u0219i\u0219i, \u00een diferite scopuri.<\/p>\n

Nici o organiza\u021bie de munte din lume, fie c\u0103 vorbim de uniuni interna\u021bionale ale cluburilor de amatori (UIAA) sau uniuni profesionale (UIMLA, UIAGM) nu recunoa\u0219te \u0219i nu recomand\u0103 goana dup\u0103 \u201drecorduri\u201d de vitez\u0103, de v\u00e2rst\u0103 sau altfel de recorduri.<\/p>\n

Alpinismul (mersul pe munte \u00een teren accidentat cu echipament special) nu este o activitate competi\u021bional\u0103 (doar anumite subramuri sunt!), se desf\u0103\u0219oar\u0103 \u00een zone montane \u00eenalte, izolate, f\u0103r\u0103 spectatori \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 arbitri.<\/p>\n

Performan\u021ba \u00een alpinism se m\u0103soar\u0103 cu totul diferit fa\u021b\u0103 de sporturile de echip\u0103 sau individuale, care se desf\u0103\u0219oar\u0103 pe terenuri de sport, \u00een fa\u021ba spectatorilor.<\/p>\n

Este muntele riscant?<\/strong><\/p>\n

A\u0219a cum nimeni nu ar trebui s\u0103 goneasc\u0103 pe autostrad\u0103 cu peste 100km\/or\u0103, f\u0103r\u0103 s\u0103 aib\u0103 habar cum s\u0103 \u021bin\u0103 volanul \u00een m\u00e2n\u0103, nimeni nu ar trebui s\u0103 mearg\u0103 pe munte vara sau iarna, f\u0103r\u0103 s\u0103 aib\u0103 habar cum se gestioneaz\u0103 riscurile specifice.<\/p>\n

Al\u0103turi de p\u0103rin\u021bi, minorii trebuie s\u0103 descopere frumuse\u021bea muntelui \u0219i a naturii, precum \u0219i propriile abilit\u0103\u021bi fizice \u0219i psihice, \u00een toate sezoanele. Exist\u0103 numeroase trasee<\/a> pe unde se poate merge f\u0103r\u0103 probleme cu copiii.<\/p>\n

\u201dTimpul petrecut \u00een mijlocul naturii nu este relaxare, ci o investi\u021bie esen\u021bial\u0103 \u00een s\u0103n\u0103tatea copiilor no\u0219tri\u201d<\/em> (Last child in the wood, Richard Louv, 2005).<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Dac\u0103 se dore\u0219te \u00eens\u0103 ie\u0219irea \u00een afara potecilor de drume\u021bie \u0219i p\u0103trunderea \u00een domeniul mult mai complex al alpinismului, atunci acest lucru trebuie f\u0103cut doar al\u0103turi de persoane calificate legal \u0219i competente. Exist\u0103 astfel de persoane at\u00e2t \u00een cadrul federa\u021biei sportive (pentru activit\u0103\u021bile sportiv-competi\u021bionale) c\u00e2t \u0219i \u00een asocia\u021bii profesionale<\/a>\u00a0ale ghizilor.<\/p>\n

Un website foarte bine realizat sau numeroasele apari\u021bii media, oric\u00e2t de bun\u0103 ar fi persoana \u00een cauz\u0103 (dar cine spune asta?) nu \u021bin locul unui atestat profesional \u0219i nu spune absolut nimic despre competen\u021ba real\u0103.<\/p>\n

\u201d Riscul nu poate fi niciodat\u0103 eliminat de pe munte sau din alpinism \u0219i nimeni nu garanteaz\u0103 securitatea individual\u0103. Acesta este un adev\u0103r fundamental ce trebuie \u00een\u021beles ca atare, indiferent de modul \u00een care se desf\u0103\u0219oar\u0103 alpinismul: pe cont propriu, \u00eentr-un club montan, \u00eentr-un curs de ini\u021biere cu instructor sau \u00eentr-o tur\u0103 cu ghid montan.\u201d\u00a0<\/em>(Teoria riscului \u00een alpinism<\/a>, Marian Anghel, 2011)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Mersul pe munte este o aventur\u0103 pentru adul\u021bi \u0219i copii \u00een egal\u0103 m\u0103sur\u0103.<\/p>\n

Dac\u0103\u00a0primii sunt capabili s\u0103 evalueze riscurile la care se expun sau apeleaz\u0103 la persoane\u00a0competente s\u0103 fac\u0103 acest lucru \u00een locul lor (ghizii montani), minorii au \u00eencredere total\u0103 \u00een p\u0103rin\u021bii lor. Iar ace\u0219tia au datoria s\u0103 nu o \u00een\u0219ele!<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

S\u00e2mb\u0103t\u0103 22 aprilie 2017, \u00een zona alpin\u0103 a mun\u021bilor Retezat (> 2.000m altitudine) un grup de \u0219apte persoane (patru adul\u021bi \u0219i trei minori) a fost prins de o avalan\u0219\u0103 de z\u0103pad\u0103. \u00cen urma ei, doi minori de 12 \u0219i 13 ani au decedat, o tragedie cumplit\u0103 pentru p\u0103rin\u021bii lor. Copiii […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":146,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[6,22,66,73,75,87,91,95,96,125,132,138,146],"class_list":["post-639","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-comunicate-oficiale","tag-accident","tag-avalansa","tag-educatie-montana","tag-formare-profesionala","tag-ghid-montan","tag-instruire","tag-jandarmeria-romana","tag-lider-montan-international","tag-marian-anghel","tag-retezat","tag-sglm","tag-societatea-ghizilor-si-liderilor-montani","tag-turism-activ"],"yoast_head":"\nAccident mortal \u00een Retezat - Societatea Ghizilor \u0219i Liderilor Montani | UIMLA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ghizimontani.org\/en\/accident-mortal-in-muntii-retezat-comunicat-de-presa\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Accident mortal \u00een Retezat - Societatea Ghizilor \u0219i Liderilor Montani | UIMLA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"S\u00e2mb\u0103t\u0103 22 aprilie 2017, \u00een zona alpin\u0103 a mun\u021bilor Retezat (> 2.000m altitudine) un grup de \u0219apte persoane (patru adul\u021bi \u0219i trei minori) a fost prins de o avalan\u0219\u0103 de z\u0103pad\u0103. \u00cen urma ei, doi minori de 12 \u0219i 13 ani au decedat, o tragedie cumplit\u0103 pentru p\u0103rin\u021bii lor. 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